In contrast, if they're described as playing in the global advertising market, they only own 3.4%. For example, if Google is seen primarily as a search engine company, they own 68% of that market. Monopolies are more ubiquitous than we're led to believe and shape their stories to avoid scrutiny and regulation.'Since doesn't have to worry about competing with anyone, it has wider latitude to care about its workers, its products, and its impact on the wider world.' Monopolies also generate good for the world because of the privilege that major profits allot.To create this sort of change it is helpful to be a 'definite optimist' – someone who believes that 'the future will be better than the present if he plans and works to make it better.' This kind of worldview enables the vision, gumption, and persistence to go from zero to one.If a business has achieved a monopoly, it indicates that the business has truly gone from 'zero to one,' and created something for society that did not exist before or improved upon an existing technology to such a degree that it has made the old technology obsolete. Monopolies generate good for the world.The dot-com crash of the 1990s taught entrepreneurs lessons about how to build a business that, when followed today, hinder the development of real technological innovations and sustainable growth.

Though there has been new technology lately, there are still many aspects of everyday life that are begging for improvement, given the right vision and strategy. The world needs startups as an engine to both envision and create the future.But, because resources are not infinite, globalization needs to be accompanied by new technologies to make the consumption of goods more efficient and sustainable, or else global ills will result. One way to move from 'one to n' is globalization, or enabling new markets to access something that has already been created.Creating truly innovative technology requires progressing from 'zero to one' rather than from 'one to n.' This means creating something entirely new rather than incrementally adding to what already exists.

Thiel book